Problems, challenges and development policy interlocutors
The next part of development policy problems, challenges and interlocutors
III. PERSPECTIVES AND POLICIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOOD SECTOR
3.1 Natural fisheries:
Provide a reliable information base in assessing the status of fish resources and fishing effort, identifying their trends, and thus developing appropriate policies for the management of pelagic fisheries, as well as for the fisheries sector.
The timely and accurate provision of such data is one of the main axes and requirements of the development process, since the production estimates monitored in a sound statistical manner (comprehensive inventory) are only carried out in closed fishing ports and no more than 7 ports on the red sea, the snow Bay and the Mediterranean
15% of the total production estimates shown by the fish statistics bulletins, and the remaining 85% are estimated without using the known statistical methods (comprehensive inventory and sampling method), relying heavily on the personal estimates of the statisticians in the sites, district administrators and some responsibilities in the Authority
Lakes, Nile and Fish Farms.
It must be noted that the failure to provide statistical data in a recognized statistical manner is mainly due to the lack of material and human potential.
Natural fisheries (sea, lakes, river Nile) are all fully exploited, some of them are more productive and determined by environmental and biological factors, and the sustainability of their fish resources is a strategic objective, so there are no possibilities to increase production from these fisheries in the light of the knowledge currently available, and it may be necessary to pursue policies aimed at taking into account the special management of fisheries.
The application of economic instruments besides administrative instruments (fishing control, regulation of exploitation), where practices have proved to be – any economic instruments – more effective, affecting the decisions of fishermen and users of environmental (investment) systems from cost-benefit and return account, and hence their response is voluntary and not compulsory, for example, high-value fines, which exceed any profits from the infringement of regulations, fishing quotas, the Government ' s acquisition of excess fishing gear and financing of tax credits.
Initiate the cessation of the causes of environmental hazards that threaten fish resources before leaving to deal with their effects, although this point appears to be obvious, so far it is noted that much effort has been made to address the effects of environmental problems without paying attention to the cessation of their causes.
Expansion of the use of environmental assessment in the planning of projects proposed by contracting parties, in particular the preparation of an environmental assessment for the collection of actions related to demolitions, cliffs and drying in coastal areas and wetlands, as well as for procedures for the development and expansion of ports, as well as the location and rationalization of industrial facilities and power plants, as well as tourism projects.
Integrating investment policies on pollution control costs in water flats and the conservation of fish resources, based on the concept of " investment in the future " , where investments in pollution control have proved unquestionable, where development based on a declining fish resource base cannot be achieved.
Integrated coastal zone management programmes based on information on renewable coastal resources and other activities such as tourism, industry, maritime trade, mining, petroleum industry, agriculture, etc.
Mainstreaming results that demonstrate their effectiveness from the activities of the Wetlands and Coastal Areas Conservation Project in the Mediterranean Basin, particularly in the area of extension and protection of the Lake Berlin environment.
3.2 Fish farms:
Removal of all determinants and impediments that limit the use of water and land for fish farming, especially since fish use and do not consume water, and fish farm projects are built on non-agricultural or non-agricultural land.
Expansion of integrated farming in desert land, which has been largely successful in the Natron Valley, where the utilization of the water unit is maximized in the production of fish, crops and livestock.
Expansion of the use of cages in fish farming in all appropriate waterways, thus establishing the necessary environmental standards, characterized by high production rates and economic efficiency.
Provide incentives to encourage investment in fish farming projects through tax exemptions in the early stages of the project, and determine rental value and lease duration of exploited land to help attract new investments.
With limited freshwater resources, especially with the reuse of agricultural wastewater in plant production, the tendency for seafarers has become a basic requirement to maintain the momentum of fish farming in recent years.
Reconsider the policy of the General Authority for the Development of Fish Stocks in the management of poultry and other marine species, which is the main source of cultivated seafarers, in terms of fishing seasons and allowable quantities and the prevention of fishing near the sea-linked pooise to ensure that stocks of such fish are maintained.
It also examines the feasibility of the Commission ' s continued collection and sale of flowers and its reflection on the prices of agriculture.
Mainstreaming and building on private sector experiences and proven research results, for example:
Reduce consumption of feeds from 1.8 to 1.2 mg/ton of fish by relying exclusively on natural food during the first three months of upbringinging, and then using artificial feeds with nature during the next three months.
Experiment carried out on the Engineer ' s Farm Muhammad Judeh in Al-Fayum governorate, Shashkuk district, Abshwai Center.
Use of pasture water that has water throughout the year to supply water to fish basin farms with the introduction of wheat and rice farming (Mamad Salim Arab, Razamah village, Riyadh Kafr Sheikh Centre).
Use of third-grade and fourth-degree lands in fish farming.
Application of the results of the genetic improvement of the Baltic strains, which has achieved an increase in production by about 30% (International Centre for Semak).
The introduction of new and renewable energy such as solar energy and wind on fish farms to address the problem of lack of or shortage of electricity and petroleum materials for the operation of equipment. In this area, a study should be undertaken on the experiences of other States in this area.
Farm management
- Finding fast-growing fish strains to make better use of the education season, as well as using more efficient techniques for winter dispersion, such as increasing the depth of the basins and putting the flowers early, with farmers ' programmes in this area.
Training
- The Fisheries Authority, in collaboration with the Fish Research Centre and the International Fish Centre, trains farmers in methods and improves nutrition management.
In collaboration with the Fish Research Centre and the International Fish Centre, the Write Authority trains excavators on best practices in the storage and use of hormones, as well as quality control of imported hormones.
- The central laboratory and other scientific bodies specialized in the production of improved mothers of farmed fish as well as farming.
- Train new farmers and guide them to the best farm design in order to reduce the risks that may arise from poor design.
3. Cooperative organizations and the General Authority for Fisheries Development
- Encouraging the organization of fishermen and fish farmers in cooperatives under the umbrella of the cooperative federation, which provides the forum for producers to participate in policy development, propose legislation and defend their rights.
- Establishment of a special fund to which associations contribute to the insurance of fish farmers against disasters, fish mortality and price fluctuations, which is applied to fishermen working in natural fisheries.
- Transfer of the support fund of cooperative societies from the General Authority for the Development of Fish Stocks to the Water Resources Cooperative Union, especially after the successful management and development of the resources of the Fishery Insurance Fund and its employees.
- Increasing the resources of the Fishery Workers ' Service Fund by converting the value of petroleum materials provided during fishing stops, as this benefits:
- Provision of petroleum consumption during fishing seasons estimated at an average of 340 million pounds.
- Provision of the Government ' s fuel sales price support to fishing boats, estimated at the same value as petrol (£340 million).
- Encouraging fishermen to respect fishing stops, the most important instrument for maintaining and sustaining fish resources, through the granting of concessional loans from the Fund to fishermen paid during operating periods.
- Rehabilitation of workers in the General Authority for the Development of Fish Stocks, particularly in the area of guidance and awareness-raising for fish farmers, fishing monitors and fish cooperatives.
In cooperation with the General Authority for the Development of Fish Stocks, AWF is requesting the amendment of Act No. 123, 124, to include what is the fish farm, the development of a model of the internal regulations of fish farming associations that are commensurate with the nature of their activity, and the obligation of farmers to participate in the protection against risks.
- Confiscation of fish cage conditions after setting criteria and specifications to ensure that watercourses are not contaminated and that other uses of the watercourse are not impeded.
- To request the Government to fill gaps in existing laws in line with international and regional laws and charters and the Code of Conduct on Good Fisheries, to ensure their consistency and non-consistency.
- Review tax accounting in a manner commensurate with the nature of the activity and the interest of the funder and the State, as well as tax justice.
- Consolidation and supervision of the implementation of laws and regulations on the protection of fish resources, compliance with their provisions, justice and equal application among all users of environmental systems.
- Reduce the age of living for fishermen from 65 to 55 years of age by considering fishing as hard and dangerous occupations, with fishermen being included in the health insurance system as for peasants.
- Issuance of a ministerial decision on the entitlement of the fishing boat cooperative insurance fund to raise the value of compensation to individuals in accordance with the study prepared by the actuary and with the approval of the financial oversight body.
- The activity of the national fish company should be carried out in areas and activities where the private sector is unable to enter such as the Toshiki project and the development of the Sinai peninsula, focusing on the construction of chicks and feed factories.
